Everything You Need To Know About EDI

Denmark operates national e-invoicing via NemHandel, governed by the Danish Business Authority. The standard format is OIOUBL, with Peppol BIS used for cross-border trade. NemHandel has transitioned to eDelivery, and OIOUBL 3.x continues to evolve with new document types.

Formats/Networks: OIOUBL, Peppol BIS
Scope: Mandatory B2G, widely adopted B2B

Norway is one of the most digitally advanced EDI markets in Europe. Authorities plan mandatory B2B e-invoicing and digital bookkeeping for all accounting entities by 2028.  Electronic document exchange is already widely used across both public and private sectors.

Formats/Networks: EHF, Peppol
Scope: Mandatory B2G, B2B mandate planned

Sweden follows the SFTI framework, coordinated by DIGG and SALAR. With EU ViDA approved, Sweden has begun preparations for expanded e-invoicing and digital VAT reporting, though final national rules are still under assessment.

Formats/Networks: Peppol BIS, SFTI
Scope: Mandatory B2G, B2B under evaluation

Belgium has passed legislation making B2B e-invoicing mandatory from 1 January 2026.  The mandate is based on the Peppol network, using the Peppol BIS 3.0 format. Real-time VAT reporting is planned for 2028.

Formats/Networks: Peppol BIS 3.0
Scope: Mandatory B2G and B2B

Finland is a traditional VAN-based EDI country with strong private-sector adoption. B2G e-invoicing is mandatory, while B2B e-invoicing is widely used but not yet mandated. Operators exchange documents directly with each other.

Formats/Networks: Finvoice, TEAPPSXML, VANs
Scope: Mandatory B2G, voluntary but common B2B

The UK is moving toward mandatory e-invoicing with a national rollout target from April 2029 (VAT invoices for B2B and B2G). Today, adoption is largely partner-driven, with EDI commonly exchanged via VANs or direct connections.

Formats/Protocols: EDIFACT, Tradacoms, AS2, SFTP, VANs
Scope: Mandate planned; widespread voluntary B2B

The Netherlands uses Peppol for B2G e-invoicing and is preparing for broader mandates under EU ViDA. Authorities are considering extending mandatory e-invoicing and digital VAT reporting to domestic B2B transactions as well.

Formats/Networks: Peppol BIS, EDIFACT
Scope: Mandatory B2G, B2B mandate planned

Poland operates the national KSeF platform for e-invoicing.  After delays, mandatory B2B and B2G e-invoicing will apply from 2026, with phased implementation based on company size.

Formats/Networks: KSeF,Peppol Bis
Scope: Mandatory B2G and B2B from 2026

Germany has adopted legislation introducing mandatory B2B e-invoicing, starting gradually from 2025. B2G e-invoicing is already established using XRechnung and Peppol BIS. The German setup is decentralized and format-driven.

Formats/Networks: XRechnung, Peppol BIS, ZUGFeRD
Scope: Mandatory B2G, B2B mandate in progress

France is rolling out mandatory B2B e-invoicing and e-reporting through a centralized clearance model.
The system combines certified PDPs with tax authority reporting, with phased enforcement starting from 2026.

Formats/Networks: Factur-X, UBL, CII
Scope: Mandatory B2G, B2B mandate in progress

The US has no federal e-invoicing mandate, but EDI is deeply embedded in supply chains. Large retailers and healthcare providers require ANSI X12 via AS2 or VANs.

Formats/Networks: ANSI X12, AS2, VANs
Scope: Industry-driven, mandatory by partners

Italy has one of Europe’s most mature e-invoicing mandates: B2B and B2C e-invoicing has been mandatory since 2019, via the tax authority’s SDI platform. Italy also supports Peppol in specific public workflows (e.g., ordering in healthcare via NSO).

Formats/Networks: FatturaPA XML (SDI), Peppol BIS
Scope: Mandatory B2G, B2B and B2C (national clearance model)